Nail fungus (onychomycosis) is the most common disease in which the nails become yellow, become fragile and thick, covered with cracks.In the early stages, the symptoms of nail fungus are almost invisible.Treatment of the disease is difficult due to the affected cellular immunity.The disease is slow, without proper treatment and can accompany the patient throughout his life.
Often, nail fungus is detected in a man and a person with weak immunity.Patients with diabetes, obesity, face with blood vessel pathology and skin diseases are subject to disease.With high sweating feet, there are more opportunities for fungal damage to the skin and nails of the feet.
Fungus can get nail plates from clothing, shoes, from manicure sets, rugs, floors.It enters the nails through the skin microcracks and through the nail bed.It's a lot where it's warm and moist: in the soul, bath, locker room and pool.In healthy people, the disease rarely develops.
Cause
Onychomycosis is caused by three species of fungus (one by one or in combination).Most cases of this disease are caused by trichophyton rubrum mushrooms.More often - Trichophyton Interdigitite, Epidermophyton Floccosum and Microsporum and Aspergillus.
- Candida albicans yeast fungus is always parasites on the skin and nails.Taking antibiotics, contraceptives and decreased immunity may experience yeast infections.
- Mold fungus often causes diseases in countries with tropical climate.
- The soil fungus lives in the soil and causes onichomycosis only in some people.From people to people not sent.
Which is a source of infection
- Diseases in family and friends -can be a source of pathogens for you.
Fungus is sent to families through the use of ordinary towels, slippers, beds, etc. - Fungus on the hand can be a source of nail and skin disease.
- In large quantities, the fungus lives in the bathroom, bath and pool.
- The source of the infection can be a patient's clothing and shoes, a set of manicures, rugs and floors.
That increases the risk of illness
- Fut of the skin.
- Reduces immunity.
- Family members who suffer from fungal loss.
- Old age.
- Diabetes.
- Presence of microtraumas and burrs.
- Increased sweating.
- Unknown and poor shoes.
- The habit of walking barefoot in a public place.
- Accommodation and work in a wet climate.
- Long -term wears artificial nails.
That affects the development and development of onychomycosis
- General health.
- Vulnerability of infection.
- Level of moisture and thermal background.
- The type of nail plate (nails on the fingers grow slower).
Symptoms of nail fungus
At the beginning of the disease, the normal color of the nails changes.It becomes opaque.The gap in which the fungus itself appears between her and her bed.
Nails are painted in one color: white, yellow, green and brown, until black.The yellow strip in the nail and underneath it is visible.Different color spots.
Nails thick and deformed on the affected area.The mass of the horn grows gradually, preventing the penetration of the drug.
Initially, increased disadvantages were also observed, when the fungus affected the entire nail plate, it began to collapse and collapsed.When processing, a large amount of "waste" consisting of destroyed debris and epidermis is formed.There is usually damage to the skin.
A form of onychomycosis
- Onychomycosis of distal submarine.
- Lateral onychomycosis.
- Onychomycosis of white surface.
- Onychomycosis proximal tray.
- The amount of dystrophic onychomycosis.
Distal submarine and lateral onychomycosis
The form of this disease is the most common.Up to 90% of cases, the cause is mushrooms of the genus trichophyton rubrum.The nail plate infection begins at the free edge of the affected skin.First, the nail bed is touched.The type of damage resembles a fragment or colored yellowish color.With the development of the disease, the nails are thick and can be split or separate from the skin.Onychomycosis of distal submarine is difficult to treat.Wearing shoes causes discomfort.
Onychomycosis of white surface
The second most common form of onychomycosis.In 90% of cases, the disease is caused by the genus trichophyton interdigita, which only affects the upper layer of the nail plate, which never thickens and does not separate from the skin.Over time, the entire surface becomes loose, like lime powder.Healing takes place quickly.
Onychomycosis proximal tray
This form of onychomycosis is rare.The red trichophyte on the blood and the lymph path spread throughout the body.This is evidenced by the damage to the nails from the back (proximal) and the detection of pathogens in the lymph nodes in the inguinal region and the secretion of the prostate gland.The disease is often recorded in infected HIV.The defeat begins with the skin in the nail polish area, which thickens.Further, the nail plate is involved in the process, which acquires a white color.
The amount of dystrophic onychomycosis
The form of the disease is the result of the development of one or a set of types of onychomycosis above.Nail plate partially or completely destroyed.
A disease with the same symptoms
Of all infectious diseases, onychomycosis is found in 50% of cases.The same symptoms are found in the following diseases:
- Eczema.
- Psoriasis.
- Reuters Syndrome.
- Daria.
- Lichen flat.
- Norway sores.
Diagnosis of nail fungus
To get information on what causes certain changes, you need to consult a dermatologist who organizes a procedure to diagnose the disease.Binding from the affected area will be sent to the laboratory to explain the causes of the disease.
Microscopy will identify the presence of fungus, and sowing the nutrient medium will highlight the pure culture of the pathogen and determine the sensitivity to antifungal drugs.
Before starting treatment, it is necessary to identify the type of infection. Nail fungus on the feet is easier to warn.Check your feet and nails in your feet more often.Initial treatment will help to achieve improvement quickly, reduce discomfort and eliminate cosmetic effects.